The U.S. Constitution, featuring profiles on Founding Fathers, a comprehensive collection of amendments, and a wealth of historical documents.

Online since 1995.

  • Public Opinion on Climate Solutions In Norway, a survey on climate change solutions revealed notable gender differences. Men tended to focus on: Women emphasized: The overall consensus leaned towards emission reduction rather than adaptation strategies. This indicates a willingness to…

  • Historical Foundations of Privacy In the early American republic, the post office was central to federal power and establishing communication privacy. The Post Office Act of 1792 forbade the government from examining people's mail without permission, contrasting with practices in…

  • Historical Context of the Electoral College In 1787, the Founding Fathers negotiated a new governmental framework in Philadelphia. They sought to balance the interests of large and small states, leading to the creation of the Electoral College. The Virginia Plan,…

  • Legal Framework and Constitutional Challenges The legal intricacies around sanctuary cities stem from the tension between federal authority and state sovereignty. Key court decisions have addressed this balance: These cases inform the ongoing debate about sanctuary cities, exploring the constitutional…

  • Historical Roots of Antifa After World War I, leftist factions emerged to oppose the rise of fascist groups in Europe. In Italy, the Arditi del Popolo formed to counter Mussolini's Blackshirts, while in Germany, Antifaschistische Aktion emerged to resist fascism.…

  • Historical Context of Affirmative Action Affirmative action emerged during the civil rights movements of the 1960s. In 1961, President John F. Kennedy signed Executive Order 10925, officially introducing the term "affirmative action". The goal was to ensure federal contractors treated…

  • Renewable Portfolio Standards (RPS) and Clean Energy Standards (CES) Renewable Portfolio Standards (RPS) and Clean Energy Standards (CES) are key policies driving the transition to renewable energy. RPS mandates a specific percentage of electricity from renewable sources, while CES includes…

  • Constitutional Interpretations The Constitution is surprisingly quiet on abortion, leaving much to interpretation by the courts. The First Amendment’s guarantee of religious freedom complicates matters, as beliefs about when life begins vary widely. The Fourth Amendment’s protection against unreasonable searches…

  • Historical Context of Parental Rights Legal precedents from the early 20th century illustrate the evolving relationship between parents and the state regarding parental rights. Pierce v. Society of Sisters (1925) recognized a parent’s right to decide on their child’s education…

  • Status of Forces Agreements (SOFA) Status of Forces Agreements (SOFAs) define the legal framework for U.S. military operations on foreign soil. They determine how U.S. forces interact with host countries' legal systems, addressing matters such as: SOFAs balance respect for…